Las raíces históricas de la ilusión de los socialistas europeos sobre la “Europa social”

Andry Aurélie

doi:10.3989/hispania.2025.1338

Autores/as

Andry Aurélie Ruhr University Bochum https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0285-6462

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.3989/hispania.2025.1338

Palabras clave:

Europa social, Socialismo europeo, neoliberalismo, capitalismo, Integración europea, socialdemocracia

Resumen

Durante la “larga década de 1970”, los socialistas europeos, hasta entonces marginales en la configuración de los procesos de integración europea de posguerra, comenzaron a coordinarse y formularon un proyecto de “Europa social”. Este proyecto pretendía cambiar la naturaleza de la integración europea para ponerla al servicio del progreso social y de los intereses de los trabajadores. Este artículo explorará en primer lugar la progresiva convergencia de los socialistas europeos, en los años sesenta y principios de los setenta, en torno a un nuevo “reformismo europeo” que desafiaba a la “Europa de los negocios”. A continuación, mostrará cómo la crisis de los años setenta condujo a una radicalización de su proyecto de una Europa social. Por último, se mostrará cómo los socialistas abandonaron su proyecto radical en la década de 1980 y se unieron a una visión de la “Europa social” que era compatible con la entonces emergente Europa neoliberal.

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