Campesinado y paisaje en la Edad Media: Modos de ver, modos de habitar
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.3989/hispania.2023.011Palabras clave:
Edad Media, campesinalo, Inglaterra, paisaje, percepcion, toponímiaResumen
Este estudio crítico analiza dos libros recientemente publicados sobre la percepción campesina del paisaje en la Inglaterra medieval. Se trata de dos obras que ensayan nuevas metodologías para el estudio de los paisajes medievales. Combinan el análisis de los registros escrito y material, con particular atención al análisis de la toponimia, con el fin de recuperar la visión que el campesinado tenía sobre los entornos que habitaba y cómo esa visión, y las formas en la que se expresaba, se fueron transformando con el paso del tiempo. Después de presentar sus marcos teóricos, el estudio hace un breve recorrido por las ideas fundamentales de uno y otro trabajo para, a continuación, considerar de qué manera contribuyen este tipo de aproximaciones a valorar la agencia del campesinado medieval. Finalmente, se realiza una breve reflexión crítica sobre la relevancia de esta línea de investigación.
Descargas
Citas
Bailey, Mark, The English Manor c.1200 to c.1500, Manchester, Manchester University Press, 2002.
Baker, John y Brookes, Stuart, Beyond the Burghal Hidage: Anglo-Saxon Civil Defence in the Viking Age, Leiden, Brill, 2013.
Bender, Barbara, Landscape: Politics and Perspectives, Londres, Berg, 1993.
Bender, Barbara y Winer, Margot (eds.), Contested Landscapes: Movement, Exile and Place, Oxford, Berg, 2001.
rger, John, Ways of Seeing, Londres Penguin Books, 1972.
Berger, John, Pig Earth, Londres, Writers and Readers, 1979.
Blair, John, Building Anglo-Saxon England, Princeton NJ, Princeton University Press, 2018.
Bonales Cortés, Jacinto, «Individualismo agrícola y comunidad rural en el Pirineo catalán y Andorra (siglos XVIII-XX)», en Rosa Congost y José Miguel Lana Berasain (eds.), Campos cerrados, debates abiertos. Análisis histórico y propiedad de la tierra en Europa (siglos XVI-XIX), Pamplona, Universidad Pública de Navarra, 2007; 141-172.
Brookes, Stuart, Economics and Social Change in Anglo-Saxon Kent. Landscapes, Communities and Exchange, Oxford, British Archaeological Reports, 2007.
Brookes, Stuart y Mileson, Stephen, Peasant Perceptions of Landscape: Ewelme Hundred, South Oxfordshire, 500-1650, Oxford, Oxford University Press, 2021.
Burkitt, Ian, «Relational agency: Relational sociology, agency and interaction», European Journal of Social Theory, 19/3 (Thosand Oaks, California, 2016): 322-339.
Chouquer, Gérard, Dominer et tenir la terre: dans le haut Moyen Âge, Tours, Presses universitaires François-Rabelais, 2020.
Clastres, Pierre, La Société contre l’État, París, Éditions de Minuit, 1974.
Cleaver, Frances, Development Through Bricolage. Rethinking Institutions for Natural Resource Management, Londres, Routledge, 2012.
Criado Boado, Felipe, «Clastres. Ayer, hoy, siempre», en Marcelo Campagno (ed.), Pierre Clastres y las sociedades antiguas, Buenos Aires, Miño y Dávila, 2014: 37-65.
Dyer, Chris, «English Peasant Buildings in the Later Middle Ages (1200-1500)», Medieval Archaeology, 30/1 (Londres, 1986): 19-45.
Dyer, Chris, «Living in peasant houses in late medieval England», Vernacular Architecture, 44/1 (York, 2013): 19-27.
Escalona, Julio, «Dense Local Knowledge: Grounding Local to Supra-local Relationships in Tenth-Century Castile», en Julio Escalona, Orri Vestéinsson y Stuart Brookes (eds.), Polity and Neighbourhood in Early Medieval Europe, Turnhout, Brepols, 2019: 351-379.
Escalona, Julio, «Towards and archaeology of state formation in North-Western Iberia», en Juan Antonio Quirós Castillo (ed.), Social Inequality in Early Medieval Europe. Local Societies and Beyond, Turnhout, Brepols, 2020: 33-53.
Faith, Rosamond, The English Peasantry and the Growth of Lordship, Leicester, Leicester University Press, 1997.
Gardiner, Mark, «Oral tradition, landscape and the social life of place-names», en Richard L. C. Jones y Sarah Semple (eds.), Sense of Place in Anglo-Saxon England, Donington, Shaun Tyas, 2012: 16-30.
Gelling, Margaret, Signposts to the Past: Place-Names and the History of England, Londres, Dent, 1978.
Gerrard, James, The Ruin of Roman Britain: an Archaeological Perspective, Cambridge, Cambridge University Press, 2013.
González-Ruibal, Alfredo, An Archaeology of Resistance: Materiality and Time in an African Borderland, Lanham, MD, Rowman & Littlefield, 2014.
Griffin, Carl J., Protest, Politics and Work in Rural England, 1700-1850, Basingstoke, Palgrave MacMillan, 2014.
Hall, David, The Open Fields of England, Oxford, Oxford University Press, 2014.
Hamerow, Helena, Early Medieval Settlements and Society in Anglo-Saxon England, Oxford, Oxford University Press, 2012.
Hirsch, Eric y O’Hanlon, Michael (eds.), The Anthropology of Landscape: Perspectives on Place and Space, Oxford, Oxford University Press, 1995.
Hooke, Della, The Landscape of Anglo-Saxon England, Leicester, Leicester University Press, 1998.
Hoskins, William G., The Making of the English Landscape, Londres, Hodder and Stoughton, 1955.
Hyams, Paul R., «Feud and the State in Late Anglo-Saxon England», Journal of British Studies, 40/1 (Chicago, Illinois, 2001): 1-43.
Ingold, Tim, The Perception of the Environment: Essays on Livelihood, Dwelling and Skill, Londres Routledge, 2000.
Johnson, Matthew, Ideas of Landscape, Oxford, Blackwell Publishing, 2007.
Johnson, Matthew, «Phenomenological Approaches in Landscape Archaeology», Annual Review of Anthropology, 41/1 (San Mateo, California, 2012): 269-284.
Jones, Richard L. C., «Responding to Modern Flooding: Old English Place-Names as a Repository of Traditional Ecological Knowledge», Journal of Ecological Anthropology (en línea) 18/1 (2016), disponible en https://digitalcommons.usf.edu/jea/vol18/iss1/9/
Jones, Richard L. C. y Semple, Sarah, «Making sense of place in Anglo-Saxon England», en Richard L. C. Jones y Sarah Semple (eds.), Sense of Place in Anglo-Saxon England, Donington, Shaun Tyas, 2012a: 1-15.
Jones, Richard L. C.y Semple, Sarah (eds.), Sense of Place in Anglo-Saxon England, Donington, Shaun Tyas, 2012b.
Kane, Bronach C., Popular Memory and Gender in Medieval England. Men, Women, and Testimony in the Church Courts, c. 1200-1500, Woodbridge, The Boydell Press, 2019.
Kilby, Susan, Peasant Perspectives on the Medieval Landscape: A study of three communities, Hatfield, University of Hertfordshire, 2020.
Lambert, Tom, «Public Order and State Violence. A View from Tenth-Century England», Radical History Review, 137 (Nueva York, 2020): 13-33.
Larrea, Juan José, «Lines Traced on Mountains: Delimitations and Territorial Disputes in the Western Pyrenees between the Ninth and Eleventh Centuries», en Isabel Alfonso, José M. Andrade Cernadas y André Evangelista Marques (eds.), Records and Processes of Dispute Settlement in Early Medieval Societies: Iberia and its European Context, Leiden, Brill, en prensa.
Lavelle, Ryan, Places of Contested Power. Conflict and Rebellion in England and France, 830-1150, Woodbridge, Boydell & Brewer, 2020.
Long, Norman, Development Sociology: Actor Perspectives, Londres, Routledge, 2001.
Loveluck, Christopher, Northwestern Europe in the Early Middle Ages, c. AD 600-1150, Cambridge, Cambridge University Press, 2013.
Massey, Doreen, Space, Place, Gender, Oxford, Polity Press, 1994.
McDonagh, Briony, «Making and Breaking Property: Negotiating Enclosure and Common Rights in Sixteenth-Century England», History Workshop Journal, 76/1 (Oxford, 2013): 32-56.
Mees, Kate, Burial, Landscape and Identity in Early Medieval Wessex, Woodbridge, Boydell Press, 2019.
Mendras, Henri, La fin des paysans, París, S.E.D.E.I.S., 1967.
Molyneaux, George, The Formation of the English Kingdom in the Tenth Century, Oxford, Oxford University Press, 2015.
Müller, Miriam, «A Divided Class? Peasants and Peasant Communities in Later Medieval England», en Chris Dyer (ed.), Rodney Hilton’s Middle Ages, Oxford, Oxford University Press, 2007: 115-131.
Navickas, Katrina, «Protest History or the History of Protest?», History Workshop Journal, 73 (Oxford, 2012): 302-307.
Oosthuizen, Susan, «Beyond hierarchy: the archaeology of collective governance», World Archaeology, 45/4 (Londres, 2013a): 714-729.
Oosthuizen, Susan, Tradition and Transformation in Anglo-Saxon England. Archaeology, Common Rights and Landscape, Londres, Bloomsbury, 2013b.
Pears, Ben, Brown, Anthony G., Carroll, Jayne, Toms, Phillip, Wood, Jamie y Jones, Richard L. C., «Early Medieval Place-Names and Riverine Flood Histories: A New Approach and New Chronostratigraphic Records for Three English Rivers», European Journal of Archaeology, 23/3 (Londres, 2020): 381-405.
Provero, Luigi, Le parole dei sudditi. Azioni e scritture della politica contadina nel Duecento, Spoleto, Fondazione Centro Italizano di Studi sull’Alto Medioevo, 2012.
Quirós Castillo, Juan Antonio y Tejerizo-García, Carlos, «Filling the gap: Peasant Studies and the archaeology of medieval peasantry in light of the Northern Iberian evidence», Journal of Agrarian Change, 21/2 (Oxford, 2021): 377-395.
Raftis, James A., Tenure and Mobility: Studies in the Social History of the Mediaeval English Village, Toronto, Pontifical Institute of Mediaeval Studies, 1964.
Razi, Zvi, «The Toronto school’s reconstitution of medieval peasant society: a critical view», Past & Present, 85 (Oxford, 1979): 141-157.
Readman, Paul, Storied Ground: Landscape and the Shaping of English National Identity, Cambridge, Cambridge University Press, 2018.
Rembold, Ingrid, Conquest and Christianization. Saxony and the Carolingian World, Cambridge, Cambridge University Press, 2017.
Ribot, Jesse C. y Peluso, Nancy L., «A Theory of Access», Rural Sociology, 68/2 (Columbia, Misuri, 2003): 153-181.
Rippon, Stephen, Beyond the Medieval Village. The Diversification of Landscape Character in Southern Britain, Oxford, Oxford University Press, 2008.
Rippon, Stephen, Territoriality and the Early Medieval Landscape. The Countryside of the East Saxon Kingdom, Woodbridge, Boydell Press, 2022.
Rippon, Stephen, Smart, Chris y Pears, Ben, The Fields of Britannia: Continuity and Change in the Late Roman and Early Medieval Landscape, Oxford, Oxford University Press, 2015.
Sánchez León, Pablo, «El poder de la comunidad», en Ana Rodríguez (ed.), El lugar del campesino. En torno a la obra de Reyna Pastor, Valencia, Publicaciones de la Universidad de Valencia, 2007: 331-358.
Schofied, Phillipp R., «Peasants and the manor court: gossip and litigation in a Suffolk village at the close of the thirteenth century», Past & Present, 159/1 (Oxford, 1998): 3-42.
Schofield, Phillipp R., Peasants and Historians: Debating the Medieval English Peasantry, Manchester, Manchester University Press, 2016.
Scott, James C., Domination and the Arts of Resistance. Hidden Transcripts, New Haven, Yale University Press, 1990.
Semple, Sarah, Perceptions of the Prehistoric in Anglo-Saxon England: Religion, Ritual and Rulership in the Landscape, Oxford, Oxford University Press, 2013.
Smith, Adam T., The Political Landscape. Constellations of Authority in Early Complex Polities, Berkeley, University of California Press, 2003.
Smith, Sally V., «Materializing resistant identities among the medieval peasantry. An examination of dress accesories from English rural settlement sites», Journal of Material Culture, 14/3 (Londres, 2009): 309-332.
Soja, Edward W., «The Socio-Spatial Dialectic», Annals of the Association of American Geographers, 70/2 (Washington D.C., 1980): 207-225.
Sutherland, Alister, «Susan Kilby. Peasant Perspectives on the Medieval Landscape: A Study of Three Communities. Studies in Regional and Local History 17. Hatfield: University of Hertfordshire Press, 2020. p. 256. $37.95 (paper)», Journal of British Studies, 61/1 (Chicago, Illinois, 2022): 211-212.
Tejerizo-García, Carlos, «Susan Kilby. Peasant Perspectives on the Medieval Landscape: A study of three communities», Historia Agraria, 84 (Murcia, 2021): 271-275.
Thomas, Gabor, The later Anglo-Saxon settlement at Bishopstone. A downland manor in the making, Research Report (RR163), York, Council for British Archaeology, 2010.
Thomas, Gabor, «Life before the Minster: the Social Dynamics of Monastic Foundation at Anglo-Saxon Lyminge, Kent», The Antiquaries Journal, 93 (Londres 2013): 109-145.
Tilley, Christopher, A Phenomenology of Landscape: Places, Paths and Monuments, Oxford, Berg, 1994.
Tilley, Christopher y Cameron-Daum, Kate, An Anthropology of Landscape. The Extraordinary in the Ordinary, Londres, University College London Press, 2017.
Whyte, Nicola, «The after-life of barrows: prehistoric monuments in the Norfolk landscape», Landscape History, 25/1 (Abingdon, 2003): 5-16.
Whyte, Nicola, Inhabiting the Landscape: Place, Custom and Memory, 1500-1800, Oxford, Windgather Press, 2009.
Whyte, Nicola, «Custodians of Memory. Women and Custom in Rural England c. 1550-1700», Cultural and Social History, 8/2 (Londres, 2011): 153-173.
Wickham, Chris, «Gossip and Resistance among the Medieval Peasantry», Past & Present, 160/1 (Oxford, 1998): 3-42.
Wickham, Chris, Framing the Early Middle Ages. Europe and the Mediterranean, 400-800, Oxford, Oxford University Press, 2005.
Wood, Andy, «Subordination, Solidarity and the Limits of Popular Agency in a Yorkshire Valley c. 1596-1615», Past & Present, 193 (Oxford, 2006): 41-72.
Wood, Andy, The Memory of the People. Custom and Popular Senses of the Past in Early Modern England, Cambridge, Cambridge University Press, 2013.
Wrathmell, Stuart, A History of Wharram Percy and its Neighbours, York, University of York, 2012.
Publicado
Cómo citar
Número
Sección
Licencia
Derechos de autor 2023 Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas (CSIC)
Esta obra está bajo una licencia internacional Creative Commons Atribución 4.0.
© CSIC. Los originales publicados en las ediciones impresa y electrónica de esta Revista son propiedad del Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas, siendo necesario citar la procedencia en cualquier reproducción parcial o total.Salvo indicación contraria, todos los contenidos de la edición electrónica se distribuyen bajo una licencia de uso y distribución “Creative Commons Reconocimiento 4.0 Internacional ” (CC BY 4.0). Puede consultar desde aquí la versión informativa y el texto legal de la licencia. Esta circunstancia ha de hacerse constar expresamente de esta forma cuando sea necesario.
No se autoriza el depósito en repositorios, páginas web personales o similares de cualquier otra versión distinta a la publicada por el editor.
Datos de los fondos
Ministerio de Ciencia e Innovación
Números de la subvención RYC2020-030272-I;PID2020-112506GB-C44
Agencia Estatal de Investigación
Números de la subvención RYC2020-030272-I;PID2020-112506GB-C44
European Social Fund
Números de la subvención RYC2020-030272
